包贝尔一不小心买了张艺兴盗版专辑后……
包贝尔一不小心买了张艺兴盗版专辑后……
这两天，微博上发生了一件比较魔幻的事情，此事儿和盗版有关。
24日，有网友在微博上调皮地cue艺人包贝尔，要求他兑现在节目“跑男”中购买300张专辑的承诺。本来是粉丝的玩笑梗，耿直的包贝尔随即转发该微博，晒出张艺兴专辑的周边截图，并称：“说话算数，留言地址，到货我送你。”
原来，此前包贝尔曾在《跑男》撕名牌环节中被张艺兴抓住，为了脱身，包贝尔承诺如果张艺兴放开自己，便购买300张专辑。
然而，群众的眼睛是雪亮的。包贝尔晒出截图后，很快有粉丝在微博喊话：“哥你买错了呀，您买成盗版周边了，快退了吧！”
据粉丝介绍，张艺兴第一张专辑目前在国内没有发售，第二张专辑只在京东有卖…
Chinese actor Bao Bei’er went viral on Weibo after purchasing pirated albums. To keep his promise to buy 300 Zhang Yixing albums on Chinese entertainment show “Running Man,” he purchased 300 albums on Taobao and displayed his digital receipt on Weibo.
However, fans found something wrong – Bao had actually bought pirated albums! According to fans, Zhang's first album didn’t release in China, and his second album is only sold on JD.com.
Bao’s gaffe is funny. However, the bigger question is why is it so easy for people to buy pirated music in the Internet era?
盗版专辑一直是国内音乐市场难以根除的问题。进入数字时代，用户们的听歌方式越来越多，渠道越来越广，这也就为盗版音乐专辑提供了可乘之机。实际上，不仅仅是盗版专辑，盗版音乐、盗版电影、盗版知识付费内容比比皆是。在淘宝、闲鱼等搜索关键词，跳出的盗版产品无法量计；在某些音乐App上搜索，没有版权的音乐作品“琳琅满目”。
Piracy has been a serious problem in music industry for a long time. The Internet provides unlimited access to music, which leads to more chances for music piracy. And it’s not only music that is being pirated online – movies, articles and even online classes are also facing this problem.
首先，我们能够明确的是，盗版是一个大坑，对原创音乐内容产业及其他产业的危害是巨大的。很多时候，内容是好的，但只要能通过任何一种互联网手段或是盗版手段得到后，就很少有人再愿意多花钱了。互联网的“拿来主义”似乎成了政治正确，而做盗版分发，由于生意会源源不断地进来，最后甚至会成为一种业态，使得这一见不得光的地下产业野蛮生长。
Piracy is against law, and it really harms the creation of original content. Pirated music may be high quality, and with lower prices and easy circulation on the Internet, few people are willing to pay the high price for original content. This lowers the desire of music artists to create more original content.
不仅仅是实体唱片，在互联网时代，站C位的数字音乐的版权问题也不容忽视。BBC曾以腾讯为例（China's Spotify: How Tencent leads the music streaming market），报道中国互联网音乐的发展模式。在谈及用户付费意愿低、盗版泛滥问题时，BBC表示，“Many global music labels have been wary of committing to China, because its long-standing problem with music piracy."
Music copyright protection has been emphasized in recent years. “Many global music labels have been wary of committing to China, because of its long-standing problem with music piracy,” the BBC said in a report titled "China's Spotify: How Tencent leads the music streaming market.”
为打击盗版，踢开这个横在数字音乐产业道路上的“巨石”，2015年我国版权局出台《关于责令网络音乐服务商停止未经授权传播音乐作品的通知》，责令各网络音乐服务商下线没有取得授权的音乐作品。该通知被称为史上最严版权令，成为中国音乐产业从盗版时代到正版时代的分水岭。
To clamp down on piracy, in 2015, China released a statement prohibiting Internet music providers from using pirated music. The notice is said to be the strictest ban in China's music history, bringing China’s music industry from the “piracy era” to the “copyright era.”
这部史上最严版权令，在中国拉开历时三年的音乐正版化进程，这也有利于国内音乐产业的发展：一方面，国内的数字平台依靠附加独家版权模式，能够帮助唱片公司打击盗版与维权；另一方面，通过版权授权进行版权分销和内容共享，也能够在建立良好版权环境的同时也使得音乐产业的健康发展成为可能。而各家唱片公司在经历了多年的疲惫不堪后，终于享受到迟来的版权红利。
The notice protects music copyrights, helps music companies safeguard their legal rights and makes copyright distribution and content-sharing easier. After years of exhaustion, record companies finally are able to enjoy copyright protection.
对比之下，美国的数字音乐似乎已经进入到了“后版权时代”。从1984年索尼掀起CD播放机的革命开始，美国音乐产业进入一轮又一轮的快速颠覆和调整——CD用了20年的时间将黑胶唱片和磁带挤进历史，流媒体音乐的横空出世则让CD快速衰落。
In comparison, the US music industry has seemingly entered the "post-copyright" era. Since 1984, when Sony's CD player began a revolution, the music industry has experienced many different trends. And finally, music streaming apps such as iTunes and Spotify are now mainstream.
“我开音乐公司不是为了赚那么些脏钱。” 在 2013 年的一次采访中，Spotify的联合创始人、董事长兼 CEO Daniel Ek 说道。他之所以这么说，是因为当时有不少音乐唱片公司扬言要撤出 Spotify ，只因对 Spotify 给的收入分成不满意。“我们把 70% 的收入都给了他们，所以我绝没有宰任何人”，Ek 有些无奈地解释道。他没有说谎，即使稳坐全世界最大的流媒体音乐服务商交椅，在创立十年之后，Spotify 仍然没有实现盈利。
“I’m saddened about it because you don’t start a music company if you think you’re going to be filthy rich. We’re still paying out over 70 percent of all the money we’re making, so I’m not ripping anyone off,” said Spotify CEO and co-founder Daniel Ek, during an interview with Financial Times. Although Spotify has become the world’s biggest music streaming service, 10 years after its launch, it’s still experiencing losses in 2018.
受盗版网站的影响，全球音乐版权公司和音乐人的收入出现了断崖式的下跌，整个行业都遭受到了强烈的打击。其实，美国唱片业协会RIAA一直在努力尝试用新技术（如屏蔽侵权网站）和提出法案动议来阻止猖獗的盗版行为。
The world’s music industry has experienced declining revenue due to piracy. The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is trying to apply new techniques, such as blocking unlawful websites and releasing laws to prevent piracy.
在打击盗版方面，英国也不甘示弱。2017年，英国政府与英国唱片公司(BPI)签署了一份“自愿行为守则”，并立即生效。该守则旨在确保违规网站在搜索结果中被降级，使英国网民们在寻找音乐时将被引导至合法提供商的正版链接，而不是盗版网站。
Britain has its own way to combat piracy. In 2017, the country's government signed an "Internet Safety Strategy" with record label trade body BPI. The strategy looks to make Britain “the safest place in the world to be online,” and “considers the responsibilities of companies to their users, the use of technical solutions to prevent online harms and government’s role in supporting users." It also considers the responsibilities of key web platforms like search engines, social media and user-upload sites in stopping harmful practices.
旧制度被破坏之后，建设新秩序至关重要。因为盗版，世界音乐产业乃至内容产业都遭到了严重的破坏。对于内容产业来说，指望打几次战役就渡人立地成佛并不现实，反盗版应该是一场持之以恒的战斗——对于普通消费者来说，我们更需要确认，支持正版应该是一种信仰。毕竟，有人的地方就有江湖，原创保护需要上下求索。
